Black-Eyed Susans Are More Than Pretty—They’re a Symbol of Power

Black-Eyed Susan flowers grow in the wild throughout Canada and the United States. These perennial beauties spread across open meadows, and their intriguing name reminds us of an enchanting fairy tale from childhood. But where did they get that name? Is there any significance behind these wildflowers? Join me as I explore the rich cultural heritage and symbolic meaning of Black-Eyed Susan flowers.

Etymological Meaning

The Black-Eyed Susan, or Rudbeckia hirta, has its history rooted in North America. The flower originated in that region and was introduced to Europe in the 1700s. Legendary botanist Carl Linnaeus named them in 1753 after his mentor, Olaf Rudbeck. 

What’s more, Black-Eyed Susans were crowned the state flower of Maryland in 1918 and were designated the floral emblem by the General Assembly.  

The first half of the Latin Rudbeckia Hirta comes from (Rudbeckia, as in Olaf Rudbeck). “Hirta” means rough and hairy, and Linnaeus gave it to the flower because of those particular characteristics. 

The flower’s more common name, “Black-Eyed Susan,” has a fascinating backstory. Many believe the Black-Eyed Susan is derived from an 18th-century poem by the same title written by John Gay. The poem is about a woman (black-eyed because she’s been crying) searching for her lover, William. William is a sailor, so Susan comes to his ship and asks for him. 

The poem relates to the flower because Black-Eyed Susan bloomed simultaneously with another flower known as Sweet William, symbolically representing the lovers finally reuniting.

Color Variations of Black-Eyed Susan Flowers

Despite their name, the center of the flower from which the name derives is actually brown. You can identify the variants by both their color and their petal pattern. In terms of color, they usually range from yellow to orange, but some variants can go deeper, even red and purple. 

Typically, yellow flowers symbolize happiness and friendship. In movies, yellow flowers almost always represent a happy moment or some optimism. Black-Eyed Susans could embody this same charm. 

Black-Eyed Susan Flowers in Floriography

In floriography, or the language of flowers, Black-Eyed Susan flowers (Rudbeckia hirta) carry meanings of justice, encouragement, and motivation. These bright, sun-facing flowers with their signature dark centers are known for their resilience and ability to thrive in various conditions, which lends to their symbolism of overcoming challenges and obstacles.

In Victorian floriography, where flowers were used to send coded messages, Black-Eyed Susans were a way to communicate hope and encouragement without words. They were often included in bouquets as a gesture of support, implying that “You can make it through the tough times,” or “There is light beyond the darkness,” making them an emblem of encouragement and emotional strength.

Cultural Significance of Black-Eyed Susan Flowers 

The most significant cultural tie to Black-Eyed Susans started in their home continent. Native Americans used the flowers for their medicinal properties. They grew all over the plains of North America and were a readily available resource to multiple tribes. They would use the roots to create teas and root baths, the same as herbalists use today. 

One of Maryland’s most prominent literary awards (and a rather famous mark nationally) is the “Black-Eyed Susan Award,” a student’s choice award meant to promote literacy and book fandom throughout the state. The award has been in place since 1992, students choose their favorite book, and the winner gets an award mailed to their house. 

Art and Literature

One of the most famous literary references to Black-Eyed Susans comes from the 19th-century British poet John Gay, who wrote a ballad titled “Black-Eyed Susan,” which tells the story of a sailor’s love for the eponymous Susan. The poem popularized the flower as a symbol of affection and longing, intertwining its imagery with themes of love and separation.

Suitable Gifting Occasions

First of all, remember that the bloom season is also the best for decoration. That means you should only use Black-Eyed Susans for events and gifts between mid-summer and early autumn. 

The flowers complement a host of gift baskets, bouquets, and floral arrangements and are suitable for all sorts of occasions, including birthdays, anniversaries, thank-you messages, and celebrations. 

Next, don’t be afraid of too much purple. Many floral designers agree that purple and pale yellows contrast pretty nicely in an arrangement’s color scheme. They also pair well with perennial grasses and can make great border flowers for any annual garden. 

Wrapping Up:

Steeped in history, spanning the arts and ancient cultures, these beautiful flowers are prized for their stunning hues and intimate structure. Whether you’re growing your own in your garden at home or shopping for a captivating wildflower arrangement, the Black-Eyed Susan is a firm favorite come spring and summer each year. Enjoy!

Further reading: Discover the amazing uses and benefits of wildflowers.